Frequently Asked Questions
Gastroenterology & Cardiology Common Questions
A gastroenterologist is a medical doctor who specializes in diagnosing and treating disorders of the digestive system, which includes the esophagus, stomach, intestines, liver, pancreas, and gallbladder.
Symptoms that should prompt a visit include persistent abdominal pain, chronic heartburn, unexplained weight loss, difficulty swallowing, persistent diarrhea or constipation, blood in stool, and jaundice (yellowing of the skin or eyes).
An endoscopy is a procedure where a flexible tube with a light and camera (endoscope) is inserted through the mouth or rectum to visualize the digestive tract. It is performed to diagnose conditions such as ulcers, inflammation, tumors, and bleeding.
Preparation for a colonoscopy typically involves a clear liquid diet and taking laxatives the day before the procedure to ensure the colon is clean. Specific instructions will be provided by your healthcare provider.
Dietary changes can vary depending on the specific disorder but may include increasing fiber intake, avoiding trigger foods (such as spicy, fatty, or acidic foods), eating smaller meals, staying hydrated, and avoiding alcohol and caffeine. Consulting with a gastroenterologist or a dietitian for personalized advice is recommended.
Common symptoms include chest pain or discomfort, shortness of breath, palpitations, fatigue, dizziness or fainting, and swelling in the legs, ankles, or feet. If you experience these symptoms, especially chest pain, seek medical attention promptly.
Key lifestyle changes include eating a heart-healthy diet rich in fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and lean proteins; exercising regularly; quitting smoking; maintaining a healthy weight; managing stress; and limiting alcohol consumption.
A heart attack occurs when blood flow to part of the heart is blocked, causing damage to the heart muscle. Heart failure, on the other hand, is a chronic condition where the heart is unable to pump blood effectively to meet the body’s needs.
Common diagnostic tests include electrocardiograms (ECG or EKG), echocardiograms (ECHO), stress tests (TMT), cardiac catheterization, and blood tests. These tests help assess heart function, detect abnormalities, and guide treatment.
High blood pressure (hypertension) forces the heart to work harder to pump blood, which can lead to thickening of the heart muscle, increased risk of heart attack, stroke, heart failure, and other cardiovascular problems. Managing blood pressure through lifestyle changes and medication is crucial for heart health.